Gene therapy for oral cancer pdf

Many of the past obstacles to treatment are being actively overcome and current second and third generation therapeutics are being tested.

While not all the current trials will lead to a viable therapeutic agent, there is great hope that these advances will help relegate cancer to a manageable chronic disease without severe suffering and death. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Journal List Clin Med Res v.

Clin Med Res. Burmester , PhD. Find articles by Deanna Cross. Burmester James K. Find articles by James K. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Tel: , Fax: , E-mail: ude.

This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract The broad field of gene therapy promises a number of innovative treatments that are likely to become important in preventing deaths from cancer.

Keywords: Cancer gene therapy, Gene transfer, Immunotherapy, Oncolytic virotherapy. Immunotherapy History Immunotherapy, or the concept of boosting the immune system to target and destroy cancer cells, has been a goal of cancer treatment for over years.

Open in a separate window. Figure 1. Current Clinical Trials The next generation of vaccines is already in clinical trials for several cancer types. Table 1. Selected recent immunotherapy clinical trials. Cancer Stimulating genes ClinicalTrials. Future Directions While current clinical trials are progressing much better than earlier ones, there are still a few areas that could be improved.

Oncolytic Agents History Another growing area of gene therapy treatment for cancer is the use of oncolytic vectors for cancer destruction. Figure 2. Current Clinical Trials Even in this early stage, oncolytic viral therapy has demonstrated some success.

Future Directions Because oncolytic virotherapy is not yet a mature technology, there is plenty of room for improved treatment vectors.

Gene Transfer History One of the most exciting treatments to emerge from the concept of gene therapy is that of gene transfer or insertion. Figure 3. Current Clinical Trials Because gene transfer technology encompasses such a diverse set of therapeutic options, it is impossible to describe examples for every treatment.

Table 2. Selected recent gene transfer clinical trials. Cancer Transferred genes ClinicalTrials. Conclusions The field of cancer gene therapy is rapidly maturing and will no doubt be part of the future of cancer therapeutics. References 1. National Cancer Institute. NIH Publication No.

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Gene therapy: An overview. J Orofacial Sci ; Gene therapy in oral cancer: A review. Aravindha Babu. Find articles by Kailash Chandra Dash. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer.

This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Gene therapy is the use of DNA as an agent to treat disease. Keywords: Gene therapy, Gene, Mutations, Cancer. The Types of Gene Therapies Somatic gene therapy Germ line gene therapy In somatic gene therapy, the therapeutic genes are introduced into somatic cells, which restricts the effects of the individual and are not passed on to the next generation.

The Vectors in Gene Therapy Genetic material is delivered into the host cells through viruses or bacteria [ 14 ]. The Technique of Gene Therapy The main objective of gene therapy is to introduce new genetic material into the target cells without causing any sort of damage to the surrounding normal cells.

Gene Excision Therapy In this technique, the defective oncogenes are removed, as a result of which, there is an inhibition in the growth of the tumour cells [ 6 ].

Immunotherapy Oral cancer patients usually show defects or deficient immune cell functions of the natural killer cells, lymphocytes, cytokines, etc. Suicide Gene Therapy Many studies have been done on the gene delivery system with retrovirusor adenovirus vectors [ 21 — 24 ]. Gene Therapy with the Use of Oncolytic Viruses In this therapy, a vector virus is genetically modified, which replicates and lyses the tumour cells [ 6 ].

The Delivery of Drug Resistance Gene s to Normal Tissues for Protection from Chemotherapy The drug resistance genes protect the normal tissues which are vulnerable to destruction.

Some Disadvantages of Gene Therapy Even after the therapeutic DNA is integrated into the genome, some cells prevent the gene therapy for long-term effects, for which patients may undergo multiple rounds of the gene therapy.

Advantages Despite of the disadvantages of gene therapy, it has advantages as well; A functional gene has the ability to replace a defective gene. Gene therapy in oral cancer: an overview. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Journal. Cytogenetic alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma detected by karyotyping g-banding Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Journal.

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